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- Strategic Planning Team
- Educational Leadership IV
- Dr. Valerie C. Bryan
- November 2004
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- Test your knowledge of Strategic planning.
- Take this Pre-Test and keep track of your answers – When you review the
“chapter” you can check to see
how well you did.
- There are 10 True/False statements.
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- Strategic Planning Pre-Test
True False
- 1. The vision process in
strategic planning is for you and _____ _____
- your stakeholders to
identify who you are, who you actually
- serve, what you are known
for and what your organization will
- look like in the future.
- 2. Individuals who construct
goals and objectives and are also
_____ _____
- involved in designing them
are more likely to implement them.
- 3. The S.W.O.T. exercise was
designed to assess opportunities
_____ _____
- and threats.
- 4. Goals and objectives allow
the stakeholders to have a clear
_____ _____
- view of what is being
accomplished.
- 5. According to S.M.A.R.T.,
goals need to be Specific,
_____ _____
- Measurable, Attainable,
Rational and Time-Bound.
- 6. A well-managed working
strategy is important to achieve the
_____ _____
- goals and objectives desired
and ultimately to achieve mission
- desired.
- 7. The following goal is an
example of a S.M.A.R.T. goal, By
_____ _____
- January 2006, 150 of the 300
people employed by Palm Beach
- County Head Start will have
attended an in depth interpersonal
- customer service training.
- 8. Changes in learning
organizations should only occur if all the _____ _____
- old programs can be
exchanged with new programs.
- 9. Reviewing demographic and
lifestyle changes affecting the
_____ _____
- learning organization is
part of environmental analysis.
- 10. Irwin is a main player in strategic management. _____ _____
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- Strategic planning is important for organizations and institutions in
order to:
- help them improve so that the goals, objectives and the vision of the
organizations can be achieved.
- shape and guide what it does, why it does it, as it focuses on the
future.
- make tough decisions to help the key business areas succeed and grow.
- plan and adapt to changes in the future.
- (McNamara 1999)
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- Ancient Greek Origins:
- “Strategy” derives from Greek word “strategos” meaning “general of the
- army.”
- Greek tribes elected a strategos to give strategic advice on managing
troops to win battles (Blackerby, 1993).
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- In the early 1920s, the Harvard Business School developed the Harvard
policy model- 1st strategic planning methodologies for
private business.
- Through the late 1950’s strategic planning shifted from organizational
policy toward the management of risk, growth and market share (Blackerby
1993).
- Through the 1960’s strategic planning became a standard management tool
in all Fortune 500 companies as well as many small companies (Blackerby,
1993).
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- “Strategic planning has always been a government--especially
military—responsibility”
- Former Ford Motor Corporation President and Defense Secretary Robert S.
McNamara started the trend of running government more like a business
and getting more “bang for the buck”
- planning, programming, budgeting system (PPBS)
- President Carter brought to the federal government the related concepts
of zero base budgeting (ZBB), invented at Xerox Corporation.
- Later administrations reversed the ZBB experiment, returning the federal
budget to its historical incremental basis.
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- SWOT [click for a view of the model]
- *identifies organization’s
internal strengths and
weaknesses
- ANSOFF
- *transforms firm from the
present position to position
- described by
objectives; uses gap analysis and synergy
- Porters Five Forces Model [click for a view of the model]
- *guides analysis of
organization’s environment and the
attractiveness of
the industry
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- http://www.gov.on.ca/OMAFRA/english/rural/facts/89-173.htm
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- Specific – concrete action, step-by-step actions needed to make the goal
succeed.
- Measurable – observable results from the goal’s accomplishment.
- Attainable – the goal is both possible and is done at the right time
with sufficient attention and resources.
- Realistic – the probability of success is good, given the resources and
attention given it.
- Time-bound – the goal is achieved within a specified period of time in a
way that takes advantage of the opportunity before it passes you by.
- Bryan 2001, p. 169
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- Benchmarking – process of establishing the baseline data
- Planning – formalized procedure to produce a result in the form of a
system of decisions
- Action Planning - laying out how the strategic goals will be
accomplished
- Vision – reason and purpose for an organization’s existence
- Vision Statement- description of how the organization will or should
operate
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- Strategic Analysis - conducting a
scan or review
of an
organizations environment
- Gap Analysis – difference between the
organization’s current
position and the desired
- future
- Mission Statement - describes why
your
organization exists
- Environmental Scan - collecting
data from an
internal and external
context
*examples: surveys,
questionnaires, focus groups, and
open forums
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- Design a SWOT module for faculty
- Revisit current mission/vision
- Establish a mentor program
- Create a set of Uniform Resource Locators (cybersites)
- Develop a Power Point presentation, video, or website
- Develop a case study in an approved format – or solve a case study
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- TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE.
- Retake the pretest as a Post-Test
and see how much more you
know
about strategic planning.
- Go to the Links pages to find out
- much more about strategic
planning.
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- Strategic Planning Post-Test
True False
- 1. The vision process in
strategic planning is for you and _____ _____
- your stakeholders to
identify who you are, who you actually
- serve, what you are known
for and what your organization will
- look like in the future.
- 2. Individuals who construct
goals and objectives and are also
_____ _____
- involved in designing them
are more likely to implement them.
- 3. The S.W.O.T. exercise was
designed to assess opportunities
_____ _____
- and threats.
- 4. Goals and objectives allow
the stakeholders to have a clear
_____ _____
- view of what is being
accomplished.
- 5. According to S.M.A.R.T.,
goals need to be Specific,
_____ _____
- Measurable, Attainable,
Rational and Time-Bound.
- 6. A well-managed working
strategy is important to achieve the
_____ _____
- goals and objectives desired
and ultimately to achieve mission
- desired.
- 7. The following goal is an
example of a S.M.A.R.T. goal, By
_____ _____
- January 2006, 150 of the 300
people employed by Palm Beach
- County Head Start will have
attended an in depth interpersonal
- customer service training.
- 8. Changes in learning
organizations should only occur if all the _____ _____
- old programs can be
exchanged with new programs.
- 9. Reviewing demographic and
lifestyle changes affecting the
_____ _____
- learning organization is
part of environmental analysis.
- 10. Irwin is a main player in strategic management. _____ _____
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- http://www.des.calstate.edu/strategic.html
- At this site you will find an
article that provides an overview of the strategic planning
process. It is intended to help the reader understand the concept
of strategic planning, the need for strategy in higher education, and
the dynamics strategic planning.
- http://www.ericfacility.net/ericdigests/ed312774.html
- This article was authored by
David Peterson and is found in the digest created by ERIC, the
educational resources information center. It discusses the benefits of a district
designing a strategic plan.
- http://www.ed.gov/pubs/stratplan2001-05/index.html
- This is the strategic plan
for the United States Department of Education for 2001 – 2005.
- http://www.mapnp.org/library/plan_dec/str_plan/str_plan.htm
- A guide for non-profit and
for-profit strategic planning with links to many resources for creating
a strategic plan
- http://www.gov.on.ca/OMAFRA/english/rural/facts/89-173.htm
- A Canadian government site
from Ontario’s Agriculture and Rural Division that takes you through the
strategic planning process.
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- http://www.entarga.com/stratplan/plngsteps.htm
- A site that describes and
illustrates strategic planning as a process by which the guiding members
of an organization envision its future and develop the necessary
procedures and operations to achieve that future.
- http://www.armymwr.com/trol.redstone.army.mil/fort/community/fbe/business/09_SWOTM.html
- http://www.armymwr.com/trol.redstone.army.mil/fort/community/fbe/business/09_blank.html
- A sample of a blank SWOT
worksheet and a sample of one that has been completed by a company.
- http://www.planonline.org/planning/strategic/swot.htm
- An article on conducting a
SWOT analysis.
- http://www.fiu.edu/~pie/sec7examples.htm
- A website that offers
examples of strategic planning components.
- http://www.wisc.edu/improve/strplan/struniv.html#plan
- This website is from the
University of Wisconsin from the Office of Quality Improvement. They give a comprehensive overview of
the strategic planning process from defining what it is to a model of
how it works.
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- http://www.allianceonline.org/FAQ/strategic_planning/what_is_strategic_planning.faq
- http://www.work911.com/cgi-in/links/jump.cgi?ID=607
- http://www.planware.org/strategy.htm#1
- http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/strategic-planning/
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- Bryan, V. (2001) Education Management in Learning Organizations:
A Facilitated Guide.
Dubuque, Iowa, Kendall/Hunt Publishing
Company.
- Natemeyer, W.E. & McMahon, J.T. (2001) Classics of
Organizational
Behavior: Third Edition. Long Grove, IL.
Waveland Press, Inc.
- Blackerby,Phillip. (2003). History of Strategic Planning. Retrieved
November, 2004 from
http://www.blackerbyassoc.com/history.html
- Lerner, Alexandra. (1999). A Strategic Planning Primer for Higher
Education. Retrieved November, 2004 from http://www.des.calstate.edu/processmodel.html
- McNamara, Carter. (1999). Strategic Planning - In Nonprofit or For
Profit
Organizations. Retrieved November, 2004 from http://www.mapnp.org/library/plan_dec/str_plan/str_plan.htm
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